Things You Should Know Before Climbing Mt. Kilimanjaro

If you're reading this, chances are you’ve heard about the legendary Mt. Kilimanjaro and the allure it holds for hikers and adventure-seekers around the world. With its snow-capped peak, diverse landscapes, and rich cultural significance, climbing Mt. Kilimanjaro is a once-in-a-lifetime experience. However, before you book that flight to Tanzania and lace up your hiking boots, there are some important things you need to know.

Climbing Mt. Kilimanjaro is not just another hike; it’s a physically demanding adventure that requires preparation, fitness, and knowledge of the mountain’s unique challenges. Standing at an elevation of 5,895 meters (19,341 feet), Kilimanjaro is the tallest free-standing mountain in the world. It’s not a technical climb, meaning you won’t need ropes or special mountaineering equipment, but the altitude and long days of hiking can take a toll. Here’s everything you need to know to prepare for your adventure.

Preparing for the Climb

First things first: how long will it take to climb Mt. Kilimanjaro? Well, that depends on the route you choose and your pace. Generally, it takes between 5 to 11 days to reach the summit, covering distances between 60 to 100 kilometers. The most common routes, like Machame or Marangu, take about 6 to 8 days, but if you opt for the longer routes like the Northern Circuit, expect to spend more time on the mountain. Keep in mind, though, that the longer you spend climbing, the better your body will acclimatize to the high altitude, giving you a greater chance of reaching the summit.

And here’s one important rule: you can’t climb Mt. Kilimanjaro alone. For safety reasons, and as a means of providing employment to local guides and porters, every climber must go with a licensed guide. Not only does this help you stay safe, but it also supports the local economy. The porters will carry your heavier bags, set up your camp, and help with cooking, while the guides lead the way and ensure you’re staying safe, particularly at high altitudes.

How Fit Do You Need to Be?

A question many people ask is: how fit do you need to be to climb Kilimanjaro? While you don’t need to be a marathon runner, a basic level of fitness is essential. Most days on the mountain will require you to walk for 3 to 5 hours—and sometimes even more, especially on summit night when you’ll be walking for 12-15 hours. You need to be comfortable walking long distances day after day.

One of the biggest challenges on Kilimanjaro is the altitude. Even the fittest athletes can struggle with altitude sickness, so the key to success is to take it slow. You’ll often hear the guides saying “pole pole,” which is Swahili for “slowly, slowly.” The goal is to let your body adjust to the reduced oxygen levels as you ascend, so pace yourself and give your body time to acclimatize. 

It’s also a good idea to test your fitness beforehand. If you can run a 5k or walk 10k without too much difficulty, you’re in a good position to handle the physical demands of the trek. You don’t need to be superhuman, but you should be comfortable walking for hours at a moderate pace.

The Best Time of Year to Climb

Choosing the right time of year is crucial for a successful climb. Mt. Kilimanjaro experiences two main climbing seasons. The first is from December to early March, and the second is from June to September. These are the dry seasons, with more stable weather and better conditions for climbing. The skies are clearer, and the temperatures are more comfortable, making for better views of the surrounding landscape.

That being said, August and September are particularly busy times, so if you want to avoid the crowds, it might be worth considering a trip in June or December. However, if you prefer a quieter experience, the shoulder seasons (right before or after the peak months) are also a good option, although you might encounter a bit more rain.

Which Route to Choose?

Mt. Kilimanjaro has several routes to the summit, and each offers a different experience. Your choice of route will depend on your fitness level, how much time you have, and how much you’re willing to spend. Here’s a breakdown of the most popular routes:

1. Marangu Route: This is the shortest route and takes about 5 days to reach the summit. It’s often referred to as the “Coca-Cola Route” because it’s more straightforward and considered one of the easier routes. However, because it’s so short, there’s less time for acclimatization, which can increase the risk of altitude sickness. The summit success rate is lower on this route, but it’s a more affordable option. On the plus side, you’ll sleep in huts, which offer more shelter from the elements than tents.

2. Machame Route: If you’re looking for a scenic route with a good chance of reaching the summit, Machame is the way to go. This route is known for its stunning landscapes, taking you through rainforests, alpine deserts, and rocky terrain. It takes about 6 to 8 days and offers good acclimatization, thanks to the “hike high, sleep low” strategy. The only downside is that it’s a very popular route, so expect to see a lot of other climbers on the trail.

3. Lemosho Route: Similar to Machame, the Lemosho Route is scenic and offers excellent acclimatization opportunities. It’s also one of the longer routes, taking about 7 to 8 days to reach the summit. While it’s a popular route, it’s slightly less crowded than Machame. If you’re looking for beautiful views and a higher chance of reaching the summit, this is a great option.

4. Northern Circuit Route: If you have more time and don’t mind spending extra money, the Northern Circuit is a great choice. It’s the longest route, taking 11+ days to reach the summit, but it’s also the best for acclimatization, giving you more time to adjust to the altitude. This route is less busy, with fewer crowds, and it offers the highest summit success rate of all the routes. The longer time on the mountain means you’ll have a more relaxed pace and more time to take in the stunning scenery.

5. Rongai Route: For those who prefer a quieter climb with less vegetation and fewer tourists, the Rongai Route is a good option. It’s less scenic than the other routes, but it’s also less rainy, making it a great choice if you’re hiking during the rainy season or shoulder months. The route takes about 8 days and offers a different perspective on the mountain.

Choosing the Right Tour Operator

One of the most important decisions you’ll make when planning your Kilimanjaro climb is choosing the right tour operator. This is not the place to cut corners. Climbing Kilimanjaro can be dangerous if not done properly, so it’s crucial to choose a reputable company that prioritizes safety, experience, and ethical treatment of its staff.

Make sure your tour operator is approved by the Kilimanjaro Porters Assistance Project (KPAP)https://kiliporters.org/, an organization dedicated to ensuring porters are treated fairly. Porters are the unsung heroes of Kilimanjaro climbs, carrying your gear, setting up camp, and preparing your meals. Ensuring they’re treated well and paid fairly is a crucial part of responsible tourism.

When booking, also consider whether you’d like to join a private group or a public/open group. A private group will give you more flexibility and control over the pace and itinerary, while an open group is a great way to meet fellow adventurers and can be more budget-friendly. 

How Much Does It Cost?

Climbing Kilimanjaro isn’t cheap, but it’s an investment in an unforgettable experience. The minimum cost is around $2,000 per person, although many operators charge more depending on the route, level of service, and length of the climb. In addition, you should budget for tips, which are a significant part of the porters’ and guides’ income. Expect to tip $200 to $400 per person, depending on the size of your group and the length of your climb.

Finally, it’s a good idea to book a nice hotel for before and after your climb. Not only will it give you a comfortable place to rest, but it also provides a secure location to store your valuables while you’re on the mountain.

Vaccines and Medications

Before heading to Tanzania, you’ll want to make sure you’re up to date on your vaccinations. Most importantly, you may need a Yellow Fever vaccine depending on where you’re traveling from. It’s also a good idea to take malaria medication, as the lower slopes of Kilimanjaro are in a malaria zone. 

For altitude sickness, many climbers take Diamox, a medication that helps the body adjust to high altitudes. It’s not required, but it can make a big difference in preventing symptoms of altitude sickness. Some people also take iron supplements, although this isn’t necessary unless you have a specific deficiency. Ibuprofen is highly recommended, as it can help with altitude headaches and general soreness from long days of hiking.

Rules for a Successful Summit

Finally, there are a few golden rules for ensuring a successful summit. The first is to drink plenty of water—aim for at least 3-4 liters a day. Staying hydrated is crucial at high altitudes, where dehydration can make altitude sickness worse.

Second, remember to go slowly. The slower you climb, the more time your body has to adjust to the altitude. Take your time, enjoy the scenery, and listen to your guides—they know the mountain better than anyone.

In conclusion, climbing Mt. Kilimanjaro is a challenge, but with the right preparation, fitness, and mindset, it’s an achievable goal for anyone with a sense of adventure. Take your time to plan, choose the right route, and follow the advice of experienced guides. By doing so, you’ll have the best chance of reaching the summit and enjoying one of the most memorable experiences of your life. Happy climbing!